Lilly Min-Chen Lee, a Doctoral Fellow in the International Security Studies Program at the Fletcher School, serves as an External Consultant for the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI). Her academic and professional interests focus on China’s security apparatus, especially the complexities of its data governance regime. Her research extends to information and influence strategies used by the People’s Liberation Army. She has authored papers on various aspects of China’s security framework, covering data harvesting, the metaverse with Chinese characteristics, cybersecurity, and AI.